Review: “Spirit Builders: a Free Illuminist approach to the Antient & Primitive Rite of Memphis+Misraïm,” by Palamas.

Peace profound, my Brethren! Salutations on all points of the triangle, and honour to the order!

During 2025 I had the honour to have conferred on me the 95º of Memphis Misraim, that of Patriarch Grand Conservator. It occurred to me that, seeing as I am now a nominal holder of all the degrees in that rite, it might be a good idea to start learning about them! I had in fact already read widely on such information as was readily available on the subject, mainly books by John Yarker and Robert Ambelain, as well as Matthieu G Ravignat, the latter of which will form the basis of another post on this blog in due course.

Then I came to this book, “Spirit Builders,” which presents a radically different point of view entirely. But first, some exposition:

Memphis Misraim is a masonic rite of ninety seven degrees, although properly speaking it consists of ninety degrees, plus seven administrative degrees tacked on for good measure. Why ninety? Because there are 90º in a Square, and the Square represents the Craft as a whole. Hence, once one has experienced all ninety degrees, one has experienced every permutation of what the Craft is or could be: that is the theory, at any rate.

A special point to note is that unlike male-only masonry, there is heavy emphasis on Alchemy in the rite, and even on Theurgy (i.e. ceremonial magick). Whereas some people have argued that it is implicit in the symbolism of male-only masonry, in Memphis Misraim it is very definitely made explicit. Indeed, if it had not, I doubt I would have been interested in it.

However, in practice, not all of these degrees are worked. Some “Sovereign Sanctuaries” (the Memphis Misraim equivalent of a Grand Lodge) only work as few as ten degrees, not even all of the degrees for which John Yarker published full rituals. The rest of them are conferred in name only, similar to the practice of the Ancient & Accepted Rite of male-only Masonry: and for the same purported reason: if each degree were staged as a full-blown Masonic ritual, it would take many months or indeed years to acquire the whole.

We thus come to the “Free Illuminist” approach, espoused by Tau Palamas, the author of the work currently under consideration. As I understand it, “Free Illuminism” aspires to confer all ninety-seven degrees, in particular the mystic and psychic attributes thereof. Not necessarily all in one go, but certainly sooner than the many years it would take otherwise. In this way each initiate is able to scry into the inner nature of each degree conferred, so that it becomes a step in a path of spiritual development. This the Free Illuminists achieve by stripping out of the ninety-seven degrees of all its Masonic Ritual content.

This ought to come as a delight to esotericists who believe that too much or even any Masonry can spoil the Occult. Hence, instead of a ceremony lasting at least an hour and requiring elaborate preparations, each degree becomes an “empowerment” which can be administered in a matter of minutes, with the “Secrets” of the degree becoming the proving-signs which the initiate can then use to scry into its properties.

The original idea of Free Illuminism derives from Allen Greenfield, who first associated the ninety-seven degrees with ninety-seven acupuncture points on the human body (mostly conforming to the Middle Pillar of the Tree of Life), classifying them as Points-Chauds (“Hot points”), which in turn is a concept deriving from Michael Bertiaux. Alas! I used to have Greenfield’s book “The Compleat Rite of Memphis” in which he first set out this schema, but I appear to have lost it the last time I moved house!

Palamas, the current author, has taken the idea of “Free Illuminism” one stage further by developing the idea of “Congregational Illuminism,” i.e. of practicing Free Illuminism within a community of initiates, mostly centred in Georgia, USA, but with other groups practicing across America and indeed the rest of the world.

This book itself contains useful summaries of all ninety seven degrees of the Rite, so from that point of view it becomes a Cliff Notes version of Memphis Misraim (actually useful to me in my own situation). However, it contains much more in addition, detailing the particular rituals of Congregational Illuminism, and describing the Arcana Arcanorum practices, as well as a method of linking the degrees to the 91 parts of the Earth in Enochian Magic. I have to say that in doing so he suggests a method of scrying the Thirty Aethyrs which seems blindingly obvious now I come to think of it, but which would nevertheless avoid all the difficulties – and horrors – which Aleister Crowley encountered in The Vision and The Voice.

I must say that I enjoyed Palamas’ style of writing: anyone who quotes W L Wilmshurst, Israel Regardie, and Chic & Tabby Cicero in the way that he does automatically gets my approval. I also found it instructive to follow up his references to Michael Bertiaux’s writings. Ye gods! The Voudon Gnostic Workbook is completely bonkers!!! However, I enjoyed reading Cosmic Meditation, and found it one of the very best books on the subject.

I have had a chance to compare the newest edition – which my fiancée got me as a Christmas present – with the first edition of the same book, and am pleased to note that Palamas has included new material with this publication, in particular details of an elaborate ritual for the Congregational Illuminists’ version of the 66º, Patriarch Grand Consecrator, which effectively is a theurgical rite of consecration as a Gnostic Bishop. NB: the edition I received was the Standard Edition, a hefty 738 page tome in black and white. There is also a deluxe full-colour version in two volumes, which I believe includes the colour plates originally found in the first edition.

One difficulty arose in my mind as I read this book, which I did not recall seeing resolved in the text, but it was this: the 97 points-chauds are, as I said, associated with acupuncture points on the human body. During each empowerment, the Initiator will touch or press the corresponding point to activate the point-chaud. However, the books states that many of these points are actually in bodily locations which, to put politely, if someone were to administer an empowerment there I would assume that they were proposing marriage to me. Needless to say, I have not received those particular empowerments yet, so I am intrigued as to how they could be feasibly be carried out, to put it lightly.


“Palamas,” 2025, “Spirit Builders: a Free Illuminist approach to the Antient & Primitive Rite of Memphis+Misraïm,” Standard Edition, Fox Lake, Illinois, USA. ISBN: 978-1-94688 1 4-1 6-6

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Review: “Golden Dawn Rituals: rites and ceremonies for groups and solo magicians,” by Chic Cicero & Sandra Tabatha Cicero.

In an article I wrote for “The Light Extended” in 2021, I outed myself as the Cancellarius of a Golden Dawn temple.[1] One of my main points consisted of describing the lengths to which I went to find monthly activities for our temple whilst we were on lockdown: by raiding such works as “Garden of Pomegranates,” “Ritual Use of Magical Tools,” “Circles of Power,” and even my own ingenium, to provide new rituals for us to use.

However, in that respect I merely continued the kind of thing I had done before lockdown, and which I did after we had resumed meeting in person. The fact is that our temple meets monthly, but we don’t always have new initiations or grade advancements every month. Hence, what to do in the meantime? Usually this would amount to a teaching session; or some other ritual; or better still, some other ritual which had a teaching element to it. We had long ago rejected the idea of trying to get a new initiate at every meeting no matter what the cost: we had no fears of elitism, as it turned out it only took a very low bar to get rid of 99% of all time-wasters.

“What I could really do with,” I thought to myself, “was some book of rituals which we could put on in our temple – so that I did not have to keep searching for something to do every month. If only such a handy resource existed!”

And then, Chic and Tabatha Cicero came out with this book. This hefty tome comprises over forty rituals, around three-quarters of which are original and previously unpublished, whilst the rest are based closely on rituals from Regardie’s The Golden Dawn but edited and annotated to make them more easily readable. There are rituals here for both the Outer and Inner Order. The Inner Order rituals include a number of compositions based upon the Z2 Magic Of Light Formulae, as well intriguing ways to put the Vault of the Adepti to good use.

The Outer Order Rituals, however, are most unusual: after an opening and closing of the Neophyte Hall, the officers are employed in a manner not following the traditional structure of the Neophyte ceremony. Hence, we get rituals of healing, of celebrating both solstices, and of Samhain, as well as charging talismans, invoking supernatural beings, and contemplating Qabalistic teaching through the power of ritual drama. The overall theme appears to be that of involving the officers and members of the Temple who would otherwise have sat on the sidelines  in a way that would not happen in a normal Neophyte ceremony.

In short I am glad I got this: I foresee that I will be making use of this for some time in the future.


Cicero, C, Cicero, S T, 2005, Golden Dawn Rituals: Rites and Ceremonies for Groups and Solo Magicians, Llewellyn, Woodbury, Minnesota, USA. ISBN 978-0-7387-7926-3


[1] Sumner, A, 2021, “Self Isolation in the Golden Dawn Tradition,” The Light Extended, a journal of the Golden Dawn, volume 3, Kerubim Press, Dublin, Ireland.

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Review: “Light In Extension: a history of Bradford’s 1888 Golden Dawn Temple Horus No. 5,” by Melissa Seims.

Across the skin of the Earth lie certain nodal apertures where power seeps through from dimensions older than humanity’s first stirrings. Glastonbury, Stonehenge, Macchu Picchu, the Pyramids – these are but the more widely whispered of such vortices. Yet there exists another, veiled beneath the soot‑laden skies of West Yorkshire: Bradford, a city whose mundane façades conceal an unsuspected confluence of forces.

In the waning years of the nineteenth century, this unlikely location drew to itself a congregation of Masons, Theosophists, and wanderers of more esoteric lineages – souls attuned to … who knows what? One may speculate that labyrinthine energies coiled beneath the city’s foundations called out to an unusually large number of people, but the fact is that West Yorkshire in general, and Bradford and latterly Leeds in particular, became a centre of esotericism, even remaining so to this day. Their workings, conducted at first in hotel function rooms and latterly in exquisitely decorated purpose-built temples, have remained obscured by time and deliberate silence.

But the veils are thinning, and the chronicle of their hidden labours begins, at last, to uncoil.

In the book, “Light In Extension,” Ms Seims succeeds in pointing out that the history of one particular Golden Dawn temple, in Bradford, cannot be separated from that of the local esoteric scene generally: for the personalities who comprised the former constituted the movers and shakers of the latter. At first this worked to Horus no. 5’s advantage, because this scene provided the Temple with a pool from which to draw initiates. However this also meant that instead of remaining true to the Golden Dawn egregore, Horus’ members allowed the politics of all the other local orders – Masonic and otherwise – to affect it to its detriment.

On the one hand, the Bradford Temple left behind a treasure trove of beautiful Temple equipment and documents, into which Ms Seims has delved thoroughly: she includes many colour photographs of the wonders which this archive (the so-called “Scott Collection”) holds.

On the other however, her research reveals that most of the membership of Horus no. 5 were old fashioned, rather chauvinistic Freemasons who treated their GD temple like just another “Masonic Unit,” and who only admitted a minority of females and non-masons at a sufferance. Moreover, she records at least one major schism in the temple which was caused not by something which occurred within Horus no. 5 but within the local Theosophical Society at the time.

From reading Ms Seim’s description of the Scott Collection, it appears to me that there is a major component missing, as it were. What is evident is a full set of temple equipment to run an outer order Golden Temple. What there is not, however, are any inner order documents or equipment, or any personal inner order papers of any of the members who reached the Adeptus Minor grade. There is, in short, no evidence that anyone in Bradford once having attained the 5=6 grade actually did any other further magical work.

In 1900, when the Golden Dawn schismed, instead of siding with either the London rebels, or following Mathers into the Alpha et Omega, Horus Temple no. 5 chose to do neither, going into “abeyance” – closing down, but without surrendering its warrant as it should have done, and transferring its property to the newly formed (or more accurately, “reponed”) August Order of Light. The story of Horus Temple no 5 is therefore ultimately one of a failed Golden Dawn temple.

Ms Seims’ work, by contrast, is a triumph of scholarship on the subject. It is quite clear that she has gone to great lengths in her research, dissecting the historical evidence like a forensic examiner. In doing so she has come up with a work in the same altitude if not greater as that of R A Gilbert and Ellic Howe.


Seims, M, 2025, “Light In Extension: a history of Bradford’s 1888 Golden Dawn Temple Horus no. 5,” Thoth Publications, Leiceister, UK. ISBN 978-1913660468

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The Welsh Occult Conference 2026: Tickets now on sale!

The Welsh Occult Conference ~ Promoting the study and Practice of the Occult through the written and spoken word.

This year, we are returning to the assembly room, up stairs at Welshpool Town Hall, 42 Broad St, WELSHPOOL SY21 7JQ, Powys. 

There is a lift for disabled access etc.

Doors open at 9am for registration and close at 6pm. 

Speakers this year:

Alan Thorogood: Say No to Enochian: a purist’s approach to the magic of John Dee and Edward Kelley.

Geraldine Beskin: Frederick Hockley ~ The Man and his Magic.

Alex Sumner: The Theory & Practise of Scrying. 

Melissa Seims: Charles Cardell & The Coven of Atho

Julia Phillips: Madeline Mountalban ~ The Magus of St Giles.

Ian Freer: Babylonian Origins of the Tree of Life.  

For more details and to book tickets: https://www.tickettailor.com/events/welshoccultconference/1783734

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Save the date: Saturday 16th May 2026

I shall be returning to the Welsh Occult Conference next year – Saturday 16th May 2026, where I shall be presenting a piece on Scrying. This will be held in Welshpool, a different venue to this year’s conference, but it does have the benefit of being closer to public transport for those eager to get there.

Needless to say, I shall post more details about the event as soon as I get them myself.

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Website update

Ahoy, users of Goodreads.com ! You will now find it easy to post nice reviews of my books on Goodreads, as I have included links to their respective pages on my About page, which I have now thoroughly updated. Click the hyperlink for more details. Thanks!

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“Abramelin and Lockdown” by Alex Sumner – now out

Front cover artwork to "Abramelin and Lockdown" by Alex Sumner, showing a wizard in his oratory.
“Abramelin and Lockdown : cover artwork © 2025 Alex Sumner

You are now able to purchase my new book, Abramelin and Lockdown – a paper presented to the Welsh Occult Conference 2025 in both Paperback and Kindle ebook from Amazon. This is short precis of my experiences during 2020, which formed the basis of my longer work Conjuring Demons for Pleasure and Profit: an Abramelin memoir. I decided to publish this paper in response to people who expressed interest in my talk at the Welsh Occult Conference, but were not able to attend in person on the day.

From the back cover:

Novelist and writer on the occult ALEX SUMNER undertook the Abramelin Operation from April to October 2020, and subsequently wrote a book describing his experiences in detail: “Conjuring Demons for Pleasure and Profit: an Abramelin Memoir” (2022).

In this paper, which he presented to the Welsh Occult Conference at Gregynog Hall, 16th May 2025, he presents an overview of his experiences, including five years’ worth of insights, and a survey of popular misconceptions about Abramelin.

Because this is a short publication, it is not priced as highly as my other works. To purchase, please follow one of the following links:

PAPERBACKKINDLE EBOOK
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“Abramelin and Lockdown” – now available for pre-order on Kindle

Following on from my previous post, Abramelin and Lockdown: a paper presented to the Welsh Occult Conference 2025 will also be available as a Kindle ebook from Amazon, from 6th June 2025.

You can pre-order it now: to do so, please click on one of the following links:

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New release: “Abramelin and Lockdown” by Alex Sumner – coming 6th June 2025

Front cover artwork to “Abramelin and Lockdown” by Alex Sumner. © Alex Sumner 2025

You have the opportunity from 6th June 2025 to read the paper I delivered to the Welsh Occult Conference held in May, when I release it as slim (77 page) pamphlet via Amazon: Abramelin and Lockdown, by Alex Sumner.

From the back cover:

Novelist and writer on the occult ALEX SUMNER undertook the Abramelin Operation from April to October 2020, and subsequently wrote a book describing his experiences in detail: “Conjuring Demons for Pleasure and Profit: an Abramelin Memoir” (2022).

In this paper, which he presented to the Welsh Occult Conference at Gregynog Hall, 16th May 2025, he presents an overview of his experiences, including five years’ worth of insights, and a survey of popular misconceptions about Abramelin.

This contains all of the text of the original paper, as well as around twenty pages of previously unreleased material. NB you may think I chose to release it on the sixth day of the sixth month for dark Satanic reasons … but you would be wrong. I did an electional horoscope and found the stars and planets to be particularly auspicious that day. Besides which, Amazon wouldn’t let me release it at 6am even if I had wanted to!

Check back here for more information about how to purchase this – and don’t forget to like this post and subscribe to my blog.

Thankyou 😊

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The Order of the Cubic Stone

Way back in the dim distant past (i.e. the 1990s), I would scour my local library for absolutely any books they had on the occult at all. Amongst the inevitable dross I did find some gems, which however disappeared from the library altogether after I had returned them: subsequent borrowers not being as honest as me, I would imagine.

One book, however, which I found which was more valuable than anything else was a slim volume entitled Elizabethan Magic by Robert Turner. This was the first time I had found anyone who had written about the Enochian system in detail. I wanted to find out more about this abstruse magical system: so that when I came across Regardie’s Black Brick, and discovered by skim-reading it that the Golden Dawn itself incorporated Enochian magic into its teachings, I decided to invest in it – both in terms of time and effort – and hitch my wagon to the GD from that point forward. Yet I have to admit that this book by Turner definitely influenced my choice of direction.

I subsequently learned the full story: that Turner and a chap called Dave Edwards had, in the 1960s, founded a magical order they called The Order of the Cubic Stone, which had a public face in the form of its journal The Monolith – scans of some copies of which appeared floating around the internet. The story of the Order it described was that two young occultists contacted a Spirit Guide which told them to form an order like the Golden Dawn, but with the errors in the Enochian system corrected by reference back to the original Dee manuscripts.

Looking at Regardie’s black brick it is easy to see what this Spirit Guide meant. The four Enochian tablets published in Regardie’s set of tomes often had multiple letters in various squares: whilst large parts of the total material given by the angels to Dee is just plain missing: for example, the Holy Table, the Sigillum Dei Aemeth, the Tabula Bonorum Angelorum, as well as a full explanation of the 30 Aethyrs and 91 governors of the various parts of the Earth.

We now know that the Enochian material used by the original GD was a lot better quality than that published by Regardie: for example, it used the proper lettering of the four watchtowers, derived from the reformed table of Raphael. Moreover, I myself found evidence that at least by 1916, Adepts in Amoun Temple of the Stella Matutina, the GD spin-off, were at least aware of the other parts of the Enochian system, e.g. the Sigillum Dei Aemeth. It would appear that the material which came into Regardie’s possession and which he subsequently published had been corrupted from the original in relation to the Enochian system – as indeed to the rituals generally.

However, the scholarly resources we have now would not have been available to Turner and Edwards back in the 1960s, which means that their efforts to “correct” the Enochian system were all the more pioneering.

Now it so happens that modern GD orders do not rely on the material published by Regardie as is, but have actually made an effort to go back to the original material, and have even incorporated those parts of the Enochian system missing from the black brick. This makes me suspect that The Order of the Cubic Stone inspired modern GD orders – not necessarily because they used the OCS’ material, but because the OCS’ integrity and fidelity to its sources goaded them into upping their game.

As to what has become of the OCS, both Turner and Edwards have passed on, as indeed has Turner’s wife Patricia who was herself a leading member and organisational force in the Order. Nevertheless I believe there are OCS members about somewhere – one of them made himself known to me at the recent Welsh Occult Conference – they are, amongst other things, working to ensure that their publications are still available for modern occultists.

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